On 1 June 1969, General Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu issued the Ahiara Declaration, setting out the “Principles of the Biafran Revolution”. It imagined a welfare-minded society based on social justice, equity, anti-corruption and communal responsibility, drawing on Igbo egalitarian traditions. Biafra surrendered in January 1970, but the declaration remains an important text in African political thought.